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» Charlotte Harbor Water Management, MFLs (Minimum Flows and Levels) and Historical Flow: 

Water Management, MFLs (Minimum Flows and Levels) and Historical Flow

(MFLs: "The limit at which further water withdrawls would cause significant harm to the water resource or ecology of the area" (USGS))

Alberts, J., R. Harris, R., H. Mattraw and A. Hanke.  (1969).  Studies on the geochemistry and hydrography of the Charlotte Harbor Estuary, Florida.  Sarasota, FL: Mote Marine Laboratory
http://library.fgcu.edu/chnep/197a.pdf
(The report summarizes the results of a six-day hydrographic survey of Charlotte Harbor, conducted in conjunction with geochemical studies, during August 1969.)

CAMRA/NM.  (1999?).  Habitat suitability modeling in Florida estuaries.  St. Petersburg, FL: Florida Marine Institute.
http://www.floridamarine.org/features/view_article.asp?id=17320
(Fisheries Independent Monitoring (FIM) data were analyzed by species life stages and season in Tampa Bay and in Charlotte Harbor.)

Charlotte County.  (1988).  Charlotte County/Punta Gorda comprehensive plan.  2 vols.  Charlotte County, FL

Charlotte Harbor National Estuary Program.  (2002).  Charlotte Harbor watershed Summit.  IMPACT University,  Punta Gorda, FL February 7-9, 2002.  North Fort Myers, FL: Charlotte Harbor National Estuary Program.  http://www.charlotteharbornep.com/Publications/SummitProgramandAbstracts.pdf

Charlotte Harbor National Estuary Program.  (2000).  Committing to our future: a comprehensive conservation and management plan for the Greater Charlotte Harbor watershed.  2 vols.  North Fort Myers, FL: The Program.

(Volume I is the main part of the management plan.  The management plan has goals, quantifiable objectives, and priority actions.  These priority actions are the specific strategies for achieving the goals and quantifiable objectives for each of the three priority problems: hydrologic alterations, water quality degradation, and fish and wildlife habitat loss.

Volume II describes each preliminary implementation project, as provided by its sponsoring organization.  The projects in Volume 2 are organized first by the basin where the project is located, and then by sponsoring organization.  The basins include (1) Regionwide; (2) Caloosahatchee River and Watershed; (3) Lower Peace and Myakka Rivers; and (4) Upper Peace and Myakka Rivers.  To assist the reader in finding the page number for a particular project, several indexes of the projects are provided in Volume 2.  Also, an extensive list of acronyms is provided in both volumes of this document.)

Charlotte Harbor National Estuary Program.  Committing to our future.  (1999).  2 vols.  North Fort Myers, FL:  The Program.
(Draft comprehensive conservation and management plan for the Greater Charlotte Harbor watershed.  Preliminary action plans for the Greater Charlotte Harbor watershed "November 1999.")

Charlotte Harbor National Estuary Program.  (1999).  Data management, analysis, and exchange strategy.  79 pp.  North Fort Myers, FL: Charlotte Harbor National Estuary Program.
(The document describes data management strategy for the Charlotte Harbor National Estuary Program.  It identifies data gaps and needs, and suggests actions to fill information gaps and encourage data exchange.  It includes information on web sites, geographical information systems, CD-ROM data, newsletters and reports.)

Coastal Environmental.  (1996).  Review and analyses of meteorological, tributary flow, and water quality data from the Charlotte Harbor Estuarine System.  Final Report.  Tampa, FL: South Florida Water Management District.

Daltry, W. E. and David Y. Burr.  (1998).  Base Program Analysis: Volume 1: Description of the existing laws, policy and resource management structures in the Greater Charlotte Harbor watershed.  Charlotte Harbor National Estuaries Program Technical Report No. 98-01.  162pp.  North Fort Myers, FL: Charlotte Harbor National Estuary Program.
(The purpose of the base programs analysis is to recognize the current public and private environmental regulatory programs, provide an assessment of the overall programs that are in place, and identify the gaps in the existing institutional framework for resource management.  Provides a snapshot of the Charlotte Harbor National Estuary Program's socioeconomic conditions.  It reviews the current institutional management of the natural resources in the greater Charlotte Harbor watershed.  This analysis is performed within an outline of the three major priority problems: hydrologic alterations; water quality degradation; and fish and wildlife habitat loss.)

DelCharco, M. J.  (1998).  Tidal flow in selected areas of Tampa Bay and Charlotte Harbor, Florida, 1995-96.  44 pp.  U. S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4265.  Tallahassee, FL: U. S. Dept. of the Interior, U. S. Geological Survey.
(This report presents the results of a study designed to measure and describe flow in selected areas of Tampa Bay and Charlotte Harbor.  A total of 232 measurements of flow were made at the mouth of each estuary and within Anna Maria and Pine Island Sounds.  Data collection included measuring the flows into (flood) and out of (ebb) each estuary and sound under a range of tidal elevation, wind, and freshwater inflow conditions.  Measurements of tidal elevation (water-surface elevation) and wind magnitude and direction were made while flow data were being collected.  Freshwater inflow data from established U. S. Geological Survey gagging sites were used to quantify freshwater inflow.)

Dexter Bender, W. and Associates, Inc.  (2000).  Charlotte Harbor National Estuaries Program long-term monitoring strategies and gap analysis.  100 pp.  Charlotte Harbor National Estuaries Program Final Report.

Doering, P. H. and R. H. Chamberlain.  (1997).  Water quality in the Caloosahatchee Estuary, San Carlos Bay and Pine Island Sound, Florida.  Draft.  23 pp.  West Palm Beach, FL: Ecosystem Restoration Dept., South Florida Water Management District.
http://library.fgcu.edu/Forms/caloosa.asp
(The purpose of this report is to summarize water quality conditions in the southern portion of the Charlotte Harbor system, describing seasonal and spatial variation in water quality and  comparing water quality with other established standards that are more generically applied.  Concentrations of nutrients and other water quality parameters were sampled monthly at 17 stations in the Caloosahatchee Estuary-Pine Island Sound region of the Charlotte Harbor system from November 1985 to May 1989.  Several of these stations were revisited on a monthly basis from November 1994 to December 1995.)

Dragovich, A. and J. A. Kelly, Jr.  (1968).  Hydrological and biological characteristics of Florida's west coast tributaries.  Fisheries Bulletin,  66(3): 463-477.
(The study examined the variations in temperature, salinity, chlorophyll a, dissolved oxygen, total phosphorus, inorganic phosphate-phosphorus, copper, and iron in the  Hillsborough, Alafia, Little Manatee, Manatee, Myakka, Peace, and Caloosahatchee Rivers and the possible relation between the mean input of various materials by the tributaries, and the presence Gymnodinium breve was tested.  A correlation between iron and G. breve was significant at the 80-percent level.(DBO).)

Dragovich, A., J. A. Kelly, Jr. and J. H. Finucane.  (1966).  Oceanographic observations of Tampa Bay, Charlotte Harbor, Pine Island Sound, Florida and adjacent waters of the Gulf of Mexico, February 1964 through February 1965.  73 pp.  Washington, DC: U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
(The authors present the results of observations made of Tampa Bay, Charlotte Harbor, and Pine Island Sound, Florida, and adjacent waters in the Gulf of Mexico from February 1964 through February 1965.  Includes maps and tables.)

Environmental Quality Laboratory.  (1989).  Hydrobiological monitoring program data report for the period from March 1987 through February 1988 covering the Lower Peace River and Charlotte Harbor.  261 pp.  Port Charlotte, FL: Environmental Quality Laboratory.

Environmental Quality Laboratory.  (1982).  Hydrobiological monitoring, March 1981 through February 1982, Lower Peace River and Charlotte Harbor.  232 pp.  Port Charlotte, FL: Environmental Quality Laboratory.

Environmental Quality Laboratory.  (1981).  Hydrobiological monitoring, February 1980 through February 1981, Lower Peace River and Charlotte Harbor.  248 pp.  Port Charlotte, FL: Environmental Quality Laboratory.

Environmental Quality Laboratory.  (1980).  Hydrobiological monitoring, November 1978 through January 1980, Lower Peace River and Charlotte Harbor.  Port Charlotte, FL: Environmental Quality Laboratory.

Environmental Quality Laboratory.  (1979).  Hydrobiological monitoring, January 1976 through October 1978, Lower Peace River and Charlotte Harbor.  2 vols.  Port Charlotte, FL: Environmental Quality Laboratory.
(This document reports the results obtained from January 1976 through mid-October 1978 from a hydrobiological monitoring program described in the Southwest Florida Water Management District's Consumptive Use Permit to General Development Utilities, for the Peace River Regional Water Treatment Plant.  The program is designed to describe the responses of various physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the Charlotte Harbor estuary to seasonal changes in Peace River flow.  Physical, chemical and biological sampling station locations extend from inside Boca Grande Pass in lower Charlotte Harbor, to the non-tidal portion of the Peace River at Arcadia, Florida.)

Estevez, Ernest D., et al.  (1998).  Story of the Greater Charlotte Harbor watershed.  135pp.  North Fort Myers, FL: Charlotte Harbor National Estuary Program.
(This publication provides an overview of the physical, biological, historical and economic aspects of the Greater Charlotte Harbor watershed.  It characterizes the state of the natural systems and major resource management issues throughout the area.)

Estevez, E. D, J. Miller and J. Morris.  (1984).  Charlotte Harbor Estuarine Ecosystem Complex and the Peace River.  2 vols.  Fort Myers, FL: Southwest Florida Regional Planning Council.
(This is a 1984 review of published and unpublished scientific information on the Charlotte Harbor estuarine ecosystem complex and the Peace River.  It covers the entire coastal area of the Charlotte Harbor region, including Gasparilla Sound, the Peace and Myakka River estuaries, Charlotte Harbor proper, Matlacha Pass and Pine Island Sound, the Caloosahatchee River estuary, San Carlos Bay and Estero Bay.  A special chapter has been prepared for the Peace River.  Information has been reviewed in the disciplines of meteorology, topography, geology, hydrology, water chemistry, and biology.)     

Flannery, M. S. and M. Barcelo.  (1998).  Spatial and temporal patterns of streamflow trends in the Upper Charlotte Harbor watershed.  In S. F. Treat (Ed.).  Proceedings of the Charlotte Harbor Public Conference and Technical Symposium (pp. 63-72).  Charlotte Harbor National Estuary Program Technical Report No. 98-02.         

Fraser, T.H.  (1999).  Data management, analysis, and experimental strategy.  Charlotte Harbor National Estuaries Program Technical Report No. 99-03.  79pp.  North Fort Myers, FL: Charlotte Harbor National Estuaries Program.

Fraser, Thomas H. and Ralph T. Montgomery.  (1997).  Compendium of existing monitoring programs in the greater Charlotte Harbor watershed.  187 pp.  North Fort Myers, FL: Charlotte Harbor National Estuary Program.
(This report describes monitoring programs for the Charlotte Harbor National Estuary Program study area.(including the Myakka River).The objectives of this report are to: 1) identify and describe all existing land, air, terrestrial and aquatic wildlife and vegetation, and water monitoring programs that pertain to the study area; 2) provide a summary of those programs both temporally and geographically; 3) help identify areas where monitoring is lacking or where protocols are inconsistent; and 4) assist existing programs in coordinating their efforts and increase understanding of programs across organizations.)

Fraser, T. H.  (1981).  Variation in freshwater inflow and changes in a subtropical estuarine fish community.  In R. Cross and D. Williams (Eds.).  Proceedings of the National Symposium on freshwater inflow to estuaries (pp. 296-319).  Washington, DC: U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Office of Biological Services.

Goodwin, Carl R.  (1996).  Simulation of tidal-flow, circulation, and flushing of the Charlotte Harbor estuarine system, Florida.  92 pp.  Tallahassee, FL: U. S. Dept. of the Interior, U. S. Geological Survey.
(Examines the simulation of tidal-flow, circulation, and flushing of the Charlotte Harbor estuarine system.)

Hammett, H. T.  (1988).  Land use, water use, streamflow, and water quality characteristics of the Charlotte Harbor inflow area, Florida.  104 pp.  Tallahassee, FL: U. S. Dept. of the Interior, U. S. Geological Survey.
(The report discusses land use, water use, streamflow, and river water quality in the Charlotte Harbor inflow area.  Previously published studies were reviewed.  Graphical techniques and statistical procedures were used to evaluate and interpret the data.  The compilation and analyses of data are based on the following time frames: land use (1972-73 and 1984); water use (1975 and 1980); streamflow (through 1984); and water quality (through 1985).)

Kaufman, Matthew I.  (1967).  Hydrologic effects of ground-water pumpage in the Peace and Alafia River Basins, Florida, 1934-1965.  32 pp.  Tallahassee, U. S. Geological Survey.
(The purposes of this report are to: (1) determine the effects of ground-water pumpage on the hydrologic system for the period 1934-1965, with special reference to artesian water levels; (2) determine the areal pattern and magnitude of seasonal water-level fluctuations and long-term water-level trends; (3) predict possible future trends in ground-water conditions; (4) portray some of the hydrologic effects of lowered artesian water levels with respect to lake levels, sinkhole occurrence, position of the saline-fresh water interface, and (5) provide hydrologic information that will assist in the planning and development of the area's water resources and which will serve as a brief hydrologic background for more detailed studies, such as a quantitative evaluation of the aquifer system.)

Lewelling, B.R., A. G. Tihansky and J. L. Kindinger.  (1998).  Assessment of the hydraulic connection between ground water and the Peace River, West-Central Florida.  96 pp.  Tallahassee, FL: U. S. Dept. of the Interior, U. S. Geological Survey.
http://fl.water.usgs.gov/Abstracts/wri97_4211_lewelling.htm
(The hydraulic connection between the Peace River and the underlying aquifers along the length of the Peace River from Bartow to Arcadia was assessed to evaluate flow exchanges between these hydrologic systems.)

Lewelling, B. R.  (1997).  Hydrologic and water-quality conditions in the Horse Creek basin, west-central Florida, October 1992-February 1995.  72 pp.  Tallahassee, FL: U. S. Geological Survey.
http://fl.water.usgs.gov/Abstracts/wri97_4077_lewelling.html 
(Describes a baseline study of the 241-square-mile Horse Creek basin to assess the hydrologic and water-quality conditions.)

McPherson, B. F., R. L. Miller, and Y. E. Stoker.  (1996).  Physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the Charlotte Harbor basin and estuarine system in Southwest Florida: a summary of the 1982-89 U. S. Geological Survey Charlotte Harbor Assessment and other studies.  36 pp.  U. S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division.
http://fl.water.usgs.gov/PDF_files/wsp2486_mcpherson.pdf 
(Flushing characteristics of the Charlotte Harbor basin were evaluated using a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model.)

McPherson, B. F. and Miller, R. L.  (1989).  Effects of freshwater inflow on the phytoplankton carbon-14 productivity and chlorophyll-a in the Charlotte Harbor estuarine system, Southwest Florida.  In U. S. Geological Survey Second National Symposium on Water Quality, Orlando, FL, November 12-17, 1989.  Open-file report / U. S. Geological Survey No. 89-409.  Reston, VA: U. S. Dept. of the Interior, U. S. Geological Survey.

Miller, R. and McPherson, B.  (1991).  Estimating estuarine flushing and residence times in Charlotte Harbor, Florida, via salt balance and box model.  Limnology and Oceanography, 36(3): 602-612.
(The authors present new concepts and techniques for processing flow and salinity data and calibrating a box model designed to estimate water residence times in Charlotte Harbor.  Results from the study indicate that, under average (70 cu m/sec) river inflow, 95% of the original water present in the harbor flushes into the Gulf in 130 days)

Post, Buckley, Schuh and Jernigan.  (1999).  Synthesis of technical information.  Charlotte Harbor Estuaries Program.  Technical Report No. 99-02.  2 vols.  North Fort Myers, FL: Charlotte Harbor National Estuary Program.
(This document comprises the characterization element of the National Estuary Program process.  It synthesizes available information about the water quality, hydrologic alterations, and fish and wildlife habitat in the Greater Charlotte Harbor watershed.  It covers the Caloosahatchee River, Charlotte Harbor, Estero Bay, Lemon Bay, Myakka River, Peace River,  Pine Island Sound and  Coastal Venice.)

Seaman, William and Richard McLean.  (1977).  Freshwater and the Florida Coast: Southwest Florida.  In Proceedings of a seminar for the Southwest Florida Water Management District, May 26-27, 1977, Tampa, Florida.  Gainesville, FL: State University System of Florida, Sea Grant College Program.
(The seminar was used to illustrate scientifically sound methods for determining the amount, quality and temporal distribution of runoff an estuary needs in order to be maintained in a productive stare.)

Seng, Y. Peter.  Circulation in the Charlotte Harbor estuarine systrem.  In Sally Treat (Ed.).  Proceedings of the 1997 Charlotte Harbor Public Conference and Technical Symposium (pp. 91-110).
Full text: http://library.fgcu.edu/chnep/9802-13.pdf

South Florida Water Management District.  (1994).  Review and analyses of meteorological tributary flow and water quality data from the Charlotte Harbor estuarine system.  Draft Report.  Coastal Environmental. 

South Florida Water Management District.  (1993).  Charlotte Harbor surface water improvement and management (SWIM) plan.  1 vol.  Tampa, FL: SWIM Dept., Southwest Florida Water Management District. 
(This draft management plan covers the portions of the watersheds of the Peace River and the Myakka River that are contained within Charlotte, Sarasota and DeSoto counties, and the portions of Charlotte Harbor that are contained within the Southwest Florida Water Management District boundaries.  It is organized according to a hierarchical system of goals, issues, strategies, programs, and projects.)

South Florida Water Management District.  (1991).  Charlotte Harbor surface water improvement and management plan.  Draft.  83 pp.  South Florida Water Management District, Surface Water Improvement and Management Dept.
(This draft management plan covers the portions of the watersheds of the Peace River and the Myakka River that are contained within Charlotte, Sarasota and DeSoto counties, and the portions of Charlotte Harbor that are contained within the Southwest Florida Water Management District boundaries.  It is organized according to a hierarchical system of goals, issues, strategies, programs, and projects.)

Southwest Florida Regional Planning Council.  (1976).  Water quality and hydrodynamic sampling program design.  141 pp.  North Fort Myers, FL: Southwest Florida Regional Planning Council.
(Detailed water quality sampling from  Phillippi Creek, Charlotte Harbor, Caloosahatchee River, and Big Cypress Basin.)

Southwest Florida Regional Planning Council.  (1976).  Development of regional impact assessment for the estuaries.  North Fort Myers, FL: Southwest Florida Regional Planning Council.
(Covers the impact assessment of the proposed "The Estuaries" development in conformation with requirements of Chapter 380, Florida Statutes.)

Stoker, Yvonne E.  (1992).  Salinity distribution and variation with freshwater inflow and tide, and potential changes in salinity due to altered freshwater inflow in the Charlotte Harbor estuarine system, Florida.  Water-resources investigations report ; 92-4062.  30 pp. Tallahassee, FL: U. S. Dept. of the Interior, U. S. Geological Survey.

 (This report presents the results of a study to define the temporal and spatial salinity variability in Charlotte Harbor, relate this variability to freshwater inflow and tide conditions, and evaluate potential changes in salinity that might result from altered freshwater inflow to the harbor.  The study area includes upper Charlotte Harbor, Pine Island Sound, Matlacha Pass, San Carlos Bay, nearshore waters of the Gulf of Mexico, the tidal Caloosahatchee River, and the lower reaches of the tidal Peace and Myakka rivers.  Data were collected from June 1982 to May 1987.)

Stoker, Y. E., S. E. Henderson, and B. F. McPherson.  (1989).  Hydraulic and salinity characteristics of the tidal reach of the Peace River, Southwest Florida.  37 pp.  Tallahassee, FL: U. S. Dept. of the Interior, U. S. Geological Survey.

(The report summarizes information on hydraulics, salinity distribution, and freshwater flushing in the tidal Peace River, not only for use in management, but also as a reference source for future estuarine studies.  The report was prepared by the U. S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Florida Dept. of Environmental Regulation and is based primarily on data collected during 1982-86 as part of the Charlotte Harbor estuarine investigation.  The report includes information on river bathymetry, flood-plain characteristics, tributary and ground-water inflows, tidal stage, velocity and discharge, salinity distribution and stratification, and freshwater replacement time.)

Stoker, Y. E. and G., A. Karavitis.  (1983).  Literature assessment of the Charlotte Harbor estuarine system and surrounding area, Southwest Florida.  134 pp.  Reston, VA: U. S. Geological Survey.

Sutcliffe, Horace.  (1975).  Appraisal of the Water Resources of Charlotte County, Florida.  Open-File Report 73010.  61 p.  Tallahassee, FL: U. S. Geological Survey.

OR

(The U. S. Geological Survey began a 3-year investigation in 1967.  Its purpose was to provide a general description of the hydrology of Charlotte County, and to identify the major hydrologic problems of the county, particularly with respect to the use of ground and surface water for public supply.  Because most of the available surface-water resources in the county had already been developed, emphasis was placed on evaluating the ground-water resources.  This report summarizes the findings of the investigation.)

Thomsen, Kurt O.  (1997).  Flow trends of the Peace River at Arcadia and at the Myakka River near Sarasota, Florida and their implications.  In Sally Treat (Ed.).  Proceedings of the 1997 Charlotte Harbor Public Conference and Technical Symposium (pp. 55-61).

Tomasko, D. A. and M. O. Hall-Ruark.  (1999).  Productivity and biomass of the seagrass Thalassia testudinum along a gradient of freshwater influence in Charlotte Harbor, Florida.  Estuaries, 22(3A): 592-602.
(The study sampled eight seagrass meadows dominated by Thalassia testudinum, which represented a gradient of freshwater influence in Charlotte Harbor, Florida.  Spatial and temporal variation in the density, biomass, productivity, and epiphyte loads of short shoots were determined)

Tomasko, D. A. and M. O. Hall-Ruark.  (1997).  Productivity and biomass of the seagrass Thalassia testudinum along a gradient of freshwater influence in Charlotte Harbor, Florida.  In Sally Treat (Ed.).  Proceedings of the 1997 Charlotte Harbor Public Conference and Technical Symposium (pp. 121-130).
Full text:http://library.fgcu.edu/chnep/9802-14.pdf

Treat, Sally F. (Ed.).  (1997).  Charlotte Harbor Public Conference and Technical Symposium.  Proceedings of the Charlotte Harbor Public Conference and Technical Symposium, March 1997, Punta Gorda, FL.  274 pp.  West Palm Beach, FL:: South Florida Water Management District ; North Fort Myers, FL: Charlotte Harbor National Estuary Program.

United States.  Environmental Protection Agency.  (1975).  Finger-fill canal studies, Florida and North Carolina.  EPA 904/9-76-017.  427 pp.
(This report presents and interprets data collected from a study of finger-fill canals during 1973-1974.  The canals studied are located in Charlotte, Monroe and Bay counties, Florida and in Carteret County, North Carolina.  The study provided information on water chemistry, sediment chemistry and biological aspects of existing finger-fill canals; canal conditions of various sizes, ages and stages of residential development; flushing rates of different canal configurations; mass exchange of nutrients between canals and receiving waters; septic tank/sorbtion field leachates in canals from development; and the application of predictive mathematical models)

Watson, John D. and David L. Moore.  (1988).  Ground-water resource availability inventory: Charlotte County, Florida.  197 pp.  Brooksville, FL: Southwest Florida Water Management District.

Wolansky, R. M., F. P. Haeni and R. E. Sylvester.  (1983).  Continuous seismic-reflection survey defining shallow sedimentary layers in the Charlotte Harbor and Venice areas, Southwest Florida.  77 pp.  Tallahassee, FL: U. S. Dept. of the Interior, U. S. Geological Survey.
(A continuous marine seismic-reflection survey system was used to define the configuration of shallow sedimentary layers underlying the Charlotte Harbor and Venice areas, Southwest Florida.  Seismic profiling was conducted over a distance of about 57 miles in Charlotte Harbor, on the Peace and Myakka Rivers, and on the Intracoastal Waterway near Venice using a uniboom (high-resolution boomer) whose energy was capable of penetrating 200 feet of sediments with a resolution of 1 to 3 feet.  Five stratigraphic units defined from the seismic record include sediments of Holocene to early Miocene age.  All seismic-profile records are presented, along with geologic sections constructed from the records.  Seismic-reflection amplitude, frequency, continuity, configuration, external form, and areal association were utilized to interpret facies and depositional environments of the stratigraphic units.  The depositional framework of the units ranges from shallow shelf to prograded slope.  The seismic-stratigraphic units are correlated with the surficial aquifer and intermediate artesian aquifers, and permeable zones of the aquifers are related to the seismic record.)

Wolansky, R. M.  (1978).  Feasibility of water-supply development from the unconfined aquifer in Charlotte County, Florida.  34 pp.  Tallahassee, FL: U. S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division.

(This report presents the results of a 2-year study undertaken by the U. S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Southwest Florida Water Management District.  It describes the geology and hydrology of the unconfined aquifer in Charlotte County, and the most feasible methods for reasonably developing the water-supply potential of the aquifer, so that there will not be a long-term decrease in the quantity of water remaining in storage each year.  The investigation is based upon information obtained from test holes, observation wells, private wells and excavations into the unconfined aquifer.  Some sites outside the county were also investigated to broaden the information base.  The overall intent of the investigation is to describe the unconfined aquifer system and to assess the water-supply potential of the aquifer to aid in planning for development and future growth of the county.)